Umbrella Cockatoo
Cacatua alba
Also called White cockatoo, White-crested cockatoo, Great white cockatoo
From The North Moluccas of Indonesia: Halmahera, Bacan, Ternate, Tidore, Kasiruta and Mandioli. It lives in lowland and hill rainforest up to about 600 m and can also use secondary forest.12
At a glance the quick version
World Parrot Trust and zoo reports cited on Wikipedia give 40-60 years in captivity; Lafeber says up to 70 years with good care.
Looks how to spot one
Feathered; large all-white cockatoo with a broad, rounded crest
A big, snowy-white cockatoo about 46 cm long. Its crest is made of wide, backward-curving white feathers that lie flat most of the time but fan out into a half-circle, like an opened umbrella, when the bird is excited or surprised. The undersides of the wings and tail carry a soft lemon-yellow wash that shows in flight. The beak is dark grey and the bare eye ring is off-white. The plumage produces plenty of fine powder down, which gives the feathers a soft, matt look. Males tend to have a broader head and a larger beak than females.124
Personality what they are like
A warm, cuddly and charming companion that wants to be close to its people much of the day. It is sensitive and very social, and it may attach strongly to one person, another bird or even a favourite object. Its voice is very loud, and it will call out when it feels left alone, so it suits a household that can give plenty of time, company and patient training.34
Daily activity how busy a day looks
High. This cockatoo needs daily time out of its cage on a play stand or in a safe room, lots of chewing and shredding toys, and foraging activities so it can work for its food. Busy, engaged birds are happier and calmer.34
Grooming and care the hands-on bits
Umbrella cockatoos make a lot of powder down, so regular bathing or misting helps keep the feathers clean, and a well-ventilated room with frequent dusting keeps the fine dust under control. Offer plenty of safe wood and other materials to chew for beak care.43
Home where they are happiest
Needs a very large, strong, well-welded cage, ideally with a play top, as it does not do well in cramped quarters. LafeberVet suggests bar spacing of 1.3-1.9 cm and perches of about 1.9-5 cm in diameter. Plan for a sturdy build, since this is a powerful chewer.34
Food basics what goes in the bowl
Wild birds eat seeds, nuts, fruit, berries and roots, and may take some insects. For a pet, base the diet on a good formulated food with fresh vegetables and fruit, some nuts and seeds, and food presented in ways that encourage foraging rather than seed alone.123
Company who they like around
Extremely social. In the wild it lives in pairs or small groups and gathers in bigger flocks to roost at dusk, and a pet needs a lot of daily company and interaction to feel secure and content.23
The story where it all began
The white cockatoo was described by Müller in 1776, with the name alba simply meaning white. Its history with people goes back much further: during China's Tang Dynasty it was kept as a treasured pet and influenced religious art showing the bodhisattva Guan Yin, and in 1229 the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II received one as a diplomatic gift. It comes only from a small cluster of islands in the North Moluccas of Indonesia. Heavy trapping for the pet trade in the late 20th century, when official quotas were sometimes exceeded many times over, along with forest loss, led to its listing as Endangered. It is now protected under CITES Appendix II, and the United States listed it as threatened in 2014. Many birds live in captivity worldwide, where it is still one of the most familiar large cockatoos.1325
Fun facts for the dinner table
- 1
It gets the name umbrella cockatoo from its crest, which opens into a half-circle like an umbrella.1
- 2
It was kept as a pet in China as long ago as the Tang Dynasty in the 7th century.3
- 3
In 1229 the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II was given a white cockatoo as a diplomatic gift.1
- 4
You can often tell males and females apart by eye colour: males have dark brown to black eyes, while mature females often have reddish-brown eyes.2
- 5
Both parents take turns sitting on the eggs, which hatch after about 28 days.1
- 6
Some umbrella cockatoos learn more than 50 words, although most learn fewer.3
- 7
Wild birds spend their days in pairs or small groups high in the forest canopy, then gather in larger groups to roost at dusk.2
- 8
Its fine powder down forms patches under the wings and keeps the plumage soft and matt.4
Recognised by the official bits
- IUCN Red List
- Endangered.2
- CITES
- Appendix II.2
- US Fish and Wildlife Service
- Listed as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act in a 2014 final rule.5
- Taxonomy
- Described by Müller in 1776. The species name alba is Latin for white.1
The care rhythm Furry Diary remembers it for you
A typical home-care rhythm for a Umbrella Cockatoo. It is our own starting plan, not a vet's advice, and you can change every line in the app.
- Fresh food and waterevery day
- Cage linerevery day
- Full cleanevery week
- Bath offerevery 3 days
- Nails checkevery month
- Beak checkevery month
- EnrichmentPuzzles and foraging every dayevery day
- Out-of-cage timeAbout 3 hours a dayevery day
- Vet check-upevery year
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Where this comes from
Every breed page shows where each fact comes from. If we got something wrong, sorry, we are pet people, not a science magazine. Tell us at support@furrydiary.app and we will fix it.
- White cockatoo - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.orgused for range, size, weight, plumage, eye colour, lifespan, diet, breeding, history, trade, fun facts
- White-crested Cockatoo - World Parrot Trust Parrot Encyclopedia parrots.orgused for other names, length, weight, lifespan, range, habitat, wild diet, behaviour, conservation status, description
- Umbrella Cockatoo Personality, Food & Care - Lafeber lafeber.comused for temperament, voice, talking, housing, diet, social needs, lifespan, Tang Dynasty history
- Basic Information Sheet: Cockatoo - LafeberVet lafeber.comused for weight, eye colour by sex, powder down, cage bar spacing and perch size, social nature
- Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Three Foreign Parrot Species - Federal Register (2014) federalregister.govused for US Endangered Species Act listing
Checked 2026-09-30. Text is written in our own words from these sources.